Error when inserting link from Sharepoint 2013

When I try to insert a link from Sharepoint through the "Insert" menu on the ribbon I get this error:

"The file name you specified could not be used. it may be the name of an existing file or directory, or you don't have permission to access the file.0x81020030"

I have a version of the project in my virtual machine in which I don't get this error, but this version is outdated.

When I insert an image through the same menu, it works perfectly. This happens everywhere on my site, and with every user. I have tried to open the .xml, .js and .cui files related to the ribbon and compare them with the files I have in my virtual machine, but with no success.

Here's the full stack trace:

[COMException (0x81020030): Invalid File Name.

The file name you specified could not be used. it may be the name of an existing file or directory, or you don't have permission to access the file.<nativehr>0x81020030</nativehr><nativestack></nativestack>]
   Microsoft.SharePoint.Library.SPRequestInternalClass.GetViewsSchemaXml(String bstrUrl, String bstrListName, Boolean bFullBlown, Boolean bNeedInitAllViews, ISP2DSafeArrayWriter p2DWriter, Int32& plDefaultViewIndex, Int32& plMobileDefaultViewIndex) +0
   Microsoft.SharePoint.Library.SPRequest.GetViewsSchemaXml(String bstrUrl, String bstrListName, Boolean bFullBlown, Boolean bNeedInitAllViews, ISP2DSafeArrayWriter p2DWriter, Int32& plDefaultViewIndex, Int32& plMobileDefaultViewIndex) +285

[SPException: Invalid File Name.

The file name you specified could not be used. it may be the name of an existing file or directory, or you don't have permission to access the file..]
   Microsoft.SharePoint.SPGlobal.HandleComException(COMException comEx) +146
   Microsoft.SharePoint.Library.SPRequest.GetViewsSchemaXml(String bstrUrl, String bstrListName, Boolean bFullBlown, Boolean bNeedInitAllViews, ISP2DSafeArrayWriter p2DWriter, Int32& plDefaultViewIndex, Int32& plMobileDefaultViewIndex) +842
   Microsoft.SharePoint.SPViewCollection.EnsureViewSchema(Boolean fullBlownSchema, Boolean bNeedInitallViews) +396
   Microsoft.SharePoint.SPList.get_Views() +83
   Microsoft.SharePoint.SPList.get_DefaultViewUrl() +125
   Microsoft.SharePoint.Publishing.CachedList..ctor(SPList list, CachedObjectFactory factory) +486
   Microsoft.SharePoint.Publishing.CachedArea.GetChildListByGuid(Guid listIdGuid) +564
   Microsoft.Office.DocumentManagement.MetadataNavigation.MetadataNavigationSettings.GetMetadataNavSettingsXml(SPWeb web, Guid sourceListId, Boolean& listExists) +271
   Microsoft.Office.DocumentManagement.MetadataNavigation.MetadataNavigationSettings.GetMetadataNavigationSettings(SPWeb web, Guid sourceListId, Boolean checkWebPropHint) +233
   Microsoft.Office.DocumentManagement.MetadataNavigation.MetadataNavigationContext.GetMetadataNavigationHintsForList(SPWeb web, Guid listGuid) +222
   Microsoft.Office.DocumentManagement.MetadataNavigation.MetadataHierarchyNodeSiteObject.get_HasChildren() +682
   System.Web.UI.WebControls.TreeView.DataBindRecursive(TreeNode node, IHierarchicalEnumerable enumerable, Boolean ignorePopulateOnDemand) +3227
   System.Web.UI.WebControls.TreeView.PerformDataBinding() +140
   Microsoft.SharePoint.WebControls.SPTreeView.PerformDataBinding() +42
   System.Web.UI.WebControls.HierarchicalDataBoundControl.PerformSelect() +130
   System.Web.UI.WebControls.BaseDataBoundControl.EnsureDataBound() +146
   System.Web.UI.WebControls.BaseDataBoundControl.OnPreRender(EventArgs e) +35
   System.Web.UI.WebControls.TreeView.OnPreRender(EventArgs e) +35
   Microsoft.SharePoint.WebControls.SPTreeView.OnPreRender(EventArgs e) +443
   System.Web.UI.Control.PreRenderRecursiveInternal() +155
   System.Web.UI.Control.PreRenderRecursiveInternal() +240
   System.Web.UI.Control.PreRenderRecursiveInternal() +240
   System.Web.UI.Control.PreRenderRecursiveInternal() +240
   System.Web.UI.Control.PreRenderRecursiveInternal() +240
   System.Web.UI.Control.PreRenderRecursiveInternal() +240
   System.Web.UI.Control.PreRenderRecursiveInternal() +240
   System.Web.UI.Control.PreRenderRecursiveInternal() +240
   System.Web.UI.Control.PreRenderRecursiveInternal() +240
   System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequestMain(Boolean includeStagesBeforeAsyncPoint, Boolean includeStagesAfterAsyncPoint) +4090